chore(ci): address all lint findings (#206)

This addresses a variety of findings, mostly around overly broad default
permissions and credential sharing.

I've also run [pinact](https://github.com/suzuki-shunsuke/pinact) to
auto-hash-pin all action references -- Dependabot will still update
these, but having them hash-pinned will seal off any undesirable
tag/branch mutability 🙂

(99% of these findings were done automatically with `zizmor --fix=all`,
followed by verifying the results. I haven't added a
[zizmor](https://docs.zizmor.sh) workflow as part of this PR, but I'd be
happy to if desired.)

---------

Signed-off-by: William Woodruff <william@astral.sh>

.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml

@@ -39,11 +39,13 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
       - name: Initialize CodeQL
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@v3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@df559355d593797519d70b90fc8edd5db049e7a2 # v3.29.9
         with:
           languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
           source-root: src
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
       # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
       # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
       - name: Autobuild
-        uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@v3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@df559355d593797519d70b90fc8edd5db049e7a2 # v3.29.9
 
       # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
       # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -69,4 +71,4 @@ jobs:
       #   make release
 
       - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@df559355d593797519d70b90fc8edd5db049e7a2 # v3.29.9